ABSTRACT
Increasing urbanization of the world leads to raising the demands of Fossil fuel.
Crude oil based products are limited natural resources. These limited resources of
crude Oil reservoirs are in specific regions of the world. Those countries, which do
not have fossil fuel reservoirs, are facing energy crisis. Before the energy resources
are exhausted, it is better to move on alternative resources. As concerned to the
alternative fuel. Biodiesel is one of them, In this study, Engine performance, engine
exhaust particulate matter emission, sound pressure level and endurance test have
been carried out using biodiesel blend and diesel fuel (DF). The endurance test has
been carried out tor -SO hours of running. In this work, the single cylinder horizontal
tyse diesel engine has been used without any modification. To analyze the engine
pertOrmance. three fuel samples have been used, such as B20 (Jatropha biodiesel
20%+Diesel 80%). B15ME5 (15% of bidiesel+2.5% of methanol and of ethanol + +80% diesel)
and diesel fuel (DIOO) as a baseline. All parameters of the engine performance, exhaust
emission and sound pressure level were calculated at constant RPM of 1540 and variable
loads 0.0 to 2.0 Kg-m at an interval of 0.1 K;-m. Whereas the endurance test result has
been carried out at constant load of I .0 K:- m at constant RPM of 1540. The sound
pressure level from the engine are also calculated from three different locations front,
left and back. From results it was found that, the brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC)
of biodiesel-blend and biodiesel-blend with additive was decreasing by increasing
brake power on engine. In the case of engine exhaust emission four different ranges
of particulate matter sizes from PM 1.0, 2.5, 7.0 and 10 were determined. The biodiesel-blend
with additive reduces engine exhaust particulate matter (PM) emission compared with
diesel (DIOO) and biodiesel blend (B20). The sound pressure level of all blended fuel
found to be reduced as compared to diesel fuel (DF). In endurance test, the visual
inspection Of injector surface was carried out for analysis Of deposition Of aromatic
compounds on injector surface for all fuel samples (DIOO, B20. and BIS,ME5).
Detailed result of depositions has been taken by electron microscopic techniques.
Hiere are different aromatic compounds were found on injector surface, The
maximum deposition of carbon was found on diesel fuel injector 80.39%, whereas


biodiesel-blend (B20) has 75.76% and (B15MlF,5) 79.64% respectively. Engine wear
and contamination of aromatic compounds reduces kinematic viscosity which
reduces engine lite Finally, the lower (B.SI'C) of leads to reduces lower particulate
matter emission, sound pressure level, and depositions of injectors surface as
compared to (DE).